Cuantificación de resiliencia bajo una métrica estática evaluada sobre la representación metodológica del mercado eléctrico colombiano

El mercado de energía nacional es un sistema que desde hace más de una década se ha estudiado, con el fin de entenderlo y poder generar una representa-ción que se ajusta al comportamiento real, pero muchas variables influyen sobre el sistema por lo que la complejidad es demasiado alta para desarrollarse de manera fiable, pero se han establecido diferentes metodologías muy aceptadas en las inves-tigaciones. La investigación realizada facilita el entendimiento del mercado energético nacional, aporta una metodología basada en el modelo de Leontief pero con una adaptación para sistemas económicos Modelo de Entrada-Salida de Inoperabilidad IIM, esto suministra información que facilita una representación topológica que se adapta a la complejidad del sistema, además de realizar un barrido de las diferentes métricas resilientes que se pueden aplicar sobre sistemas; estas métricas permiten proporcionar información del comportamiento con el fin de predecir y generar accio-nes con anticipación, pero hay eventualidades que son indescifrables para un sis-temas tan complejo y se hace necesario determinar con que prontitud el mercado asimila y se ve afectado por un evento adverso de gran magnitud y es ahí donde la resiliencia se hace importante.Abstract: The national energy market is a system has been studied for more than a de-cade, aiming at its understanding and the creation of a representation more adjusted to the real behavior. However, the system is influenced by a large number of varia-bles, so its complexity is too high to be reliably developed. For that, different metho-dologies have been established that are widely accepted in research The present research facilitates the understanding of the national energy market and provides a methodology based on the Leontief model adapted for eco-nomic models of Input-Output Inoperability Model (IIM). This methodology provides information that facilitates the topological representation adapted to the complexity of the system and performs a scan on the different resilient metrics that can be ap-plied in those systems. These metrics provide greater insight into the behavior of the energy market, enabling prediction and action generation in advance. However, the-re are undecipherable events for complex systems, of which it is necessary to de-termine the speed of the market reaction, which can be affected by a large magnitu-de adverse event, and resilience is very important at that moment.Resumo: O mercado de energia nacional é um sistema que tem sido estudado há mais de uma década, visando a sua compreensão e a criação de uma representação mais ajustada ao comportamento real. Porém, o sistema é influenciado por grande quantidade de variáveis, então, a sua complexidade é muito alta para ser desenvol-vido de maneira confiável. Para tanto, foram desenvolvidas diferentes metodologias aceitas para serem utilizadas em pesquisas. A presente pesquisa facilita a compreensão do mercado energético nacional e fornece uma metodologia baseada no modelo do Leontief adaptada para sistemas econômicos de Modelo de Entrada – Saída de Inoperabilidade (IIM). Essa metodolo-gia fornece informação que facilita a representação topológica adaptada à comple-xidade do sistema e realiza uma varredura sobre as diferentes métricas resilientes que podem ser aplicadas nesses sistemas. Essas métricas proporcionam maior in-formação sobre o comportamento do mercado energético, permitindo prever e gerar ações antecipadamente. Entretanto, existem eventos indecifráveis para sistemas complexos, dos quais é necessário determinar a rapidez da reação do mercado, o qual pode ser afetado por um evento adverso de grande magnitude, sendo a resili-ência muito importante naquele momento.Maestrí

An Undergraduate Laboratory Manual for Analyzing a CRISPR Mutant with a Predicted Role in Regeneration

Exposing students to undergraduate research has reportedly improved students’ development of knowledge and skills in the laboratory, self-efficacy, satisfaction with their research, retention, and perseverance when faced with obstacles. Furthermore, utilizing authentic course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) includes all students enrolled in the class, giving those who may not otherwise have access to an independent undergraduate research project an opportunity to engage in the scientific process in context of an original, unanswered question. In the fall of 2016, second semester introductory biology students conducted a semester-long research project on the transcription factor Lin28a to determine the effect of Lin28a on regeneration in a CRISPR mutant. During ten laboratory periods, students completed four experiments: 1) genotyping mutants by PCR and RFLP, 2) neuromast regeneration after copper sulfate treatment, 3) measuring changes in gene expression by RT-PCR after fin clipping, and 4) swimming behavior. In the context of this class, students were challenged to design their own experiments, interpret their own data, and make connections among the experiments to draft a final paper presenting their results and conclusions. Here, we present a student laboratory manual that can be adapted to other relevant CRISPR mutants. Overall, this coursework aligns with Vision and Change, and these experiments gave students a taste of the questions, techniques, and experimental design currently used in the field of regenerative biology

Evidence of the relationship between social vulnerability and the spread of COVID-19 in urban spaces.

Modeling the social-spatial structure of urban spaces can facilitate the development of guidelines aimed at curbing the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic while also acting as an instrument that helps decision-making concerning mitigation policies. The modeling process starts with catego-rization of urban spaces based on the concept of social vulnerability. A model is created based on this concept and the theory of analysis of social areas. Statistical techniques of factor analysis and geostatistics are applied. This generates a map of social differentiation that, when related to data on the evolution of the contagion, generates a multidimensional model of social vulnerability. The application of this model towards people (social structure) and the environment where they live (spatial structure) is specified. Our model assumes the uniqueness of cities, and it is intended to be a broadly applicable model that can be extrapolated to other urban areas if pertinent revisions are made. Our work demonstrates that aspects of the social and urban structures may be validly used to analyze and explain the spatial spread of COVID-19.FEDER-COVID19 (CV20-27760), Regional Government, Spain. This study is part of the project “Vulnerability and post-COVID resilience in the metropolitan area of Málaga (Spain)”. Partial funding for open access charge: University of Málaga and Consortium of University Libraries of Andalusia (CBUA acronym in Spain)

Neural check-worthiness ranking with weak supervision:Finding sentences for fact-checking

Automatic fact-checking systems detect misinformation, such as fake news, by (i) selecting check-worthy sentences for fact-checking, (ii) gathering related information to the sentences, and (iii) inferring the factuality of the sentences. Most prior research on (i) uses hand-crafted features to select check-worthy sentences, and does not explicitly account for the recent finding that the top weighted terms in both check-worthy and non-check-worthy sentences are actually overlapping [15]. Motivated by this, we present a neural check-worthiness sentence ranking model that represents each word in a sentence by \textit{both} its embedding (aiming to capture its semantics) and its syntactic dependencies (aiming to capture its role in modifying the semantics of other terms in the sentence). Our model is an end-to-end trainable neural network for check-worthiness ranking, which is trained on large amounts of unlabelled data through weak supervision. Thorough experimental evaluation against state of the art baselines, with and without weak supervision, shows our model to be superior at all times (+13% in MAP and +28% at various Precision cut-offs from the best baseline with statistical significance). Empirical analysis of the use of weak supervision, word embedding pretraining on domain-specific data, and the use of syntactic dependencies of our model reveals that check-worthy sentences contain notably more identical syntactic dependencies than non-check-worthy sentences.Comment: 6 page

Monitoring the influence of marine aquaculture on wild fish communities: benefits and limitations of fatty acid profiles

Fatty acids (FA) have been applied as indicators of the influence of coastal sea-cage fish farming on wild fish communities in several recent scientific publications. Due to the relatively high conservation of FA composition throughout the food web, they are useful for characterizing trophic relationships. The increasing utilization of vegetable or alternative animal oils in the production of aquafeeds results in cultivated fish exhibiting higher levels of terrestrial FAs in their tissues. As previously reported, wild fish ubiquitously aggregate around fish farms as a consequence of the introduction of new habitat and the easy availability of food—fish farms act as enhanced fish aggregation devices (FADs). The influence of food pellets on the composition of wild fish has been detected in recent studies on salmon, sea bass and sea bream aquaculture, with increased levels of linoleic acid (18:2n-6) and a low n-3/n-6 ratio as clear indicators of the consumption of food pellets from the farms. The potential ecological and physiological effects on wild fish are presently unknown. In the present article, guidelines are proposed for the investigation and use of terrestrial FAs to track the effects of coastal aquaculture on wild fish communities and local fisheries, as well as the benefits or limitations of this technique

ICF-Based Disability Survey in a Rural Population of Adults and Older Adults Living in Cinco Villas, Northeastern Spain: Design, Methods and Population Characteristics

Background: This article describes the methods of a door-to-door screening survey exploring the distribution of disability and its major determinants in northeastern Spain. This study will set the basis for the development of disability-related services for the rural elderly in northeastern Spain. Methods: The probabilistic sample was composed of 1,354 de facto residents from a population of 12,784 Social Security card holders (age: 6 50 years). Cognitive and disability screenings were conducted (period: June 2008-June 2009). Screening instruments were the MMSE and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule. Participants screened positive for disability underwent an assessment protocol focusing on primary care diagnoses, disability, lifestyle, and social and health service usage. Participants screened positive for cognitive functioning went through in-depth neurological evaluation. Results: The study sample is described. Usable data were available for 1,216 participants. A total of 625 individuals (51.4%) scored within the positive range in the disability screening, while 135 (11.1%) scored within the positive range of the cognitive screening. The proportion of positively screened individuals was higher for women and increased with age. Conclusions: Screening surveys represent a feasible design for examining the distribution of disability and its determinants among the elderly. Data quality may benefit from methodological developments tailored to rural populations with a low education level. Copyright (C) 2010 S. Karger AG, Base

Importancia de la energía renovable en las generaciones futuras

En los sistemas de energías renovables y asequibles ò no contaminantes se debe entender y propagar la información y educación sobre las mismas, en Colombia un país en donde los bajos consumos de energía y bajos de emisiones generan cambios en la sociedad, ya que se pretende tener una sostenibilidad cumpliendo con los 17 ODS propuestos por la ONU. Como los hidrocarburos, el carbón, petróleo y sus derivados, tienen una importante participación en la economía y en la producción de energía son otros productos que tienen alta demanda en el consumo, por tanto es de vital importancia comprender y propiciar educación e información en el tema con el fin de implementar el uso de estas energías y darles un buen aprovechamiento a las mismas, cumpliendo con los ODS.  Los estudios realizados asociados con los conocimientos sobre las energías renovables y el conocimiento que generamos a nivel social, observados en las gráficas que se plasmaron en los estudios renovables, evidenciamos un alto desconocimiento de lo que nos rodea y podemos utilizar para energías renovables, ya con esto podemos sacar un estudio breve para saber en dónde debemos iniciar para realizar un cambio cultural. En el año 2019 Colombia inició sus acciones puntuales y contundentes comenzando con las subastas en el sector energético que le permitieron al país una apertura sin ningún precedente, marcando un antes y un después en la iniciativa de uso de energías renovables y limpias

Autoevaluación formativa en inglés mediante la utilización de plataformas abiertas online de aplicación pluridisciplinar

Depto. de Nutrición y Ciencia de los AlimentosFac. de FarmaciaFALSEsubmitte

Estimation of the real population and its impact on the utilisation of healthcare services in Mediterranean resort regions: an ecological study

BACKGROUND: The demographic structure has a significant influence on the use of healthcare services, as does the size of the population denominators. Very few studies have been published on methods for estimating the real population such as tourist resorts. The lack of information about these problems means there is a corresponding lack of information about the behaviour of populational denominators (the floating population or tourist load) and the effect of this on the use of healthcare services. The objectives of the study were: a) To determine the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) ratio, per person per day, among populations of known size; b) to estimate, by means of this ratio, the real population in an area where tourist numbers are very significant; and c) to determine the impact on the utilisation of hospital emergency healthcare services of the registered population, in comparison to the non-resident population, in two areas where tourist numbers are very significant. METHODS: An ecological study design was employed. We analysed the Healthcare Districts of the Costa del Sol and the island of Menorca. Both are Spanish territories in the Mediterranean region. RESULTS: In the two areas analysed, the correlation coefficient between the MSW ratio and admissions to hospital emergency departments exceeded 0.9, with p < 0.001. On the basis of MSW generation ratios, obtained for a control zone and also measured in neighbouring countries, we estimated the real population. For the summer months, when tourist activity is greatest and demand for emergency healthcare at hospitals is highest, this value was found to be double that of the registered population. CONCLUSION: The MSW indicator, which is both ecological and indirect, can be used to estimate the real population in areas where population levels vary significantly during the year. This parameter is of interest in planning and dimensioning the provision of healthcare services